/[pub]/test/html-webhacc/error-description-source.xml
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revision 1.2 by wakaba, Mon Jul 16 08:38:48 2007 UTC revision 1.8 by wakaba, Sun Sep 2 07:59:01 2007 UTC
# Line 14  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 14  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
14  <section id="html5-tokenize-error">  <section id="html5-tokenize-error">
15  <h2>HTML5 Parse Errors in Tokenization Stage</h2>  <h2>HTML5 Parse Errors in Tokenization Stage</h2>
16    
17    <d:item name="after html"
18        class="parse-error">
19      <d:message xml:lang="en">Tag <code>&lt;<var>$0</var>&gt;</code>
20      is not allowed after the end tag <code>&lt;/html></code>.</d:message>
21      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
22        <p>The start or end tag of an element appears after the
23        <code>html</code> element has been closed.  The document is
24        non-conforming.</p>
25    
26        <p>Any content of the document other than comments
27        must be put into the <code>html</code> element.</p>
28      </d:desc>
29    </d:item>
30    
31    <d:item name="after body"
32        class="parse-error">
33      <d:message xml:lang="en">Tag <code>&lt;<var>$0</var>&gt;</code>
34      is not allowed after the end tag <code>&lt;/body></code>.</d:message>
35      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
36        <p>The start or end tag of an element appears after the
37        <code>body</code> element has been closed.  The document is
38        non-conforming.</p>
39    
40        <p>Any content of the document other than <code>head</code>
41        contents and comments must be put into the <code>body</code>
42        element.</p>
43      </d:desc>
44    </d:item>
45    
46    <d:item name="bare ero"
47        class="tokenize-error">
48      <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code>&amp;</code> character must
49      introduce a reference.</d:message>
50      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
51        <p>An <code>&amp;</code> (<code>U+0026</code>
52        <code class="charname">AMPERSAND</code>) character which
53        is not part of any reference appears in the input stream.
54        The document is non-conforming.</p>
55    
56        <p>The <code>&amp;</code> character must
57        be the first character of a reference:
58          <dl>
59          <dt>Named entity reference</dt>
60              <dd><pre class="html example"><code>&amp;<var>entity-name</var>;</code></pre>
61              where <var>entity-name</var> is the name of the
62              character entity to be referenced.</dd>
63          <dt>Numeric character reference</dt>
64              <dd><pre class="html example"><code>&amp;#<var>d</var>;</code></pre>
65              where <var>d</var> is the decimal representation of
66              the code position of the character to be referenced.</dd>
67          <dt>Hexadecimal character reference</dt>
68              <dd><pre class="html example"><code>&amp;#x<var>h</var>;</code></pre>
69              where <var>h</var> is the hexadecimal representation
70              of the code position of the character to be referenced.</dd>
71          </dl>
72        </p>
73    
74        <p>To represent <code>&amp;</code> as a data character, use
75        named entity reference:
76          <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;amp;</code></pre>
77        </p>
78      </d:desc>
79    </d:item>
80    
81    <d:item name="bare etago"
82        class="tokenize-error">
83      <d:message xml:lang="en">A <code>&lt;/</code> string is not followed
84      by a tag name.</d:message><!-- </ EOF -->
85      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
86        <p>There is a <code>&lt;</code> (<code>U+003C</code>
87        <code class="charname">LESS-THAN SIGN</code>) character
88        immediately followed by a <code>/</code> (<code>U+005F</code>
89        <code>SOLIDUS</code>) character, which is not part
90        of any end tag, in the input stream.  The document
91        is non-conforming.</p>
92    
93        <p>The <code>&lt;/</code> sequence immediately followed
94        by an <abbr title="End of file pseudo-character">EOF</abbr> is
95        interpreted as a string data of <code>&lt;/</code>.</p>
96    
97        <p>The <code>&lt;/</code> sequence as string data must
98        be escaped as:
99        <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;lt;/</code></pre>
100        </p>
101      </d:desc>
102    </d:item>
103    
104    <d:item name="bare stago"
105        class="tokenize-error">
106      <d:message xml:lang="en">A <code>&lt;</code> character is not followed
107      by tag name or by a <code>!</code> character.</d:message>
108      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
109        <p>A <code>&lt;</code> (<code>U+003C</code>
110        <code class="charname">LESS-THAN SIGN</code>) character which is not part
111        of any markup appears in the input stream.</p>
112    
113        <p>The <code>&lt;</code> character as a data character must
114        be escaped as:
115        <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;lt;</code></pre>
116        </p>
117      </d:desc>
118    </d:item>
119    
120    <d:item name="bare nero"
121        class="tokenize-error">
122      <d:message xml:lang="en">The decimal representation of the code position
123      of a character must be specified after <code>&amp;#</code>.</d:message>
124      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
125        <p>An <code>&amp;</code> (<code>U+0026</code>
126        <code class="charname">AMPERSAND</code>) character immediately
127        followed by a <code>#</code> (<code>U+0023</code>
128        <code>NUMBER SIGN</code>) character which
129        is not part of any reference appears in the input stream.
130        The document is non-conforming.</p>
131    
132        <p>The string <code>&amp;#</code> must be the first two characters
133        of a reference:
134          <dl>
135          <dt>Numeric character reference</dt>
136              <dd><pre class="html example"><code>&amp;#<var>d</var>;</code></pre>
137              where <var>d</var> is the decimal representation of
138              the code point of the character to be referenced.</dd>
139          <dt>Hexadecimal character reference</dt>
140              <dd><pre class="html example"><code>&amp;#x<var>h</var>;</code></pre>
141              where <var>h</var> is the hexadecimal representation
142              of the code point of the character to be referenced.</dd>
143          </dl>
144        </p>
145    
146        <p>To represent <code>&amp;#</code> as data characters, use
147        a named entity reference for the <code>&amp;</code> character:
148          <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;amp;#</code></pre>
149        </p>
150      </d:desc>
151    </d:item>
152    
153    <d:item name="bare hcro"
154        class="tokenize-error">
155      <d:message xml:lang="en">The hexadecimal representation of the code position
156      of a character must be specified after <code>&amp;#x</code>.</d:message>
157      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
158       <p>The string <code>&amp;#x</code> or <code>&amp;#X</code> which
159       is not part of any reference appears in the input stream.
160        The document is non-conforming.</p>
161    
162        <p>The string <code>&amp;#x</code> or <code>&amp;#X</code> must
163        be the first three characters of a hexadecimal reference:
164          <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;#x<var>h</var>;</code></pre>
165        where <var>h</var> is the hexadecimal representation
166        of the code point of the character to be referenced.</p>
167    
168        <p>To represent <code>&amp;#x</code> as data characters, use
169        a named entity reference for the <code>&amp;</code> character:
170          <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;amp;#x</code></pre>
171        </p>
172      </d:desc>
173    </d:item>
174    
175    <d:item name="bogus end tag"
176        class="tokenize-error">
177      <d:message xml:lang="en">A <code>&lt;/</code> string is not followed
178      by a tag name.</d:message><!-- </ non-name-start-char-non-EOF -->
179      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
180        <p>There is a <code>&lt;</code> (<code>U+003C</code>
181        <code class="charname">LESS-THAN SIGN</code>) character
182        immediately followed by a <code>/</code> (<code>U+005F</code>
183        <code>SOLIDUS</code>) character, which is not part
184        of any end tag, in the input stream.  The document
185        is non-conforming.</p>
186    
187        <p>The <code>&lt;/</code> sequence not followed by a
188        tag name is parsed as an opening of bogus comment.</p>
189    
190        <p>The <code>&lt;/</code> sequence as string data must
191        be escaped as:
192        <pre class="html example"><code>&amp;lt;/</code></pre>
193        </p>
194      </d:desc>
195    </d:item>
196    
197    <d:item name="dash in comment"
198        class="tokenize-error">
199      <d:message xml:lang="en">There is a <code>--</code> sequence
200      in a comment.</d:message>
201      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
202        <p>There is a <code>-</code> (<code>U+002D</code>
203        <code class="charname">HYPHEN-MINUS</code>) character
204        at the end of the comment or a <code>--</code> sequence
205        in the comment.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
206    
207        <p>Comments cannot contain a string <code>--</code>, as in XML.
208        Unlike SGML, there cannot be more than one comments
209        (where <i>comment</i> is an SGML term) in the comment
210        declaration.</p>
211      </d:desc>
212    </d:item>
213    
214  <d:item name="duplicate attribute"  <d:item name="duplicate attribute"
215      class="tokenize-error">      class="tokenize-error">
216    <d:message xml:lang="en">There are two attributes with same name.</d:message>    <d:message xml:lang="en">There are two attributes with name
217          <code><var>$0</var></code>.</d:message>
218    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
219      <p>Attributes must be unique in an element.  Specifying      <p>There are more than one attributes with the same
220      attributes with same name more than once is non-conforming.</p>      name in a tag.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
221    
222      <p>The <code>motion</code> attribute is not part of the HTML standard.      <p>The <code>motion</code> attribute is not part of the HTML standard.
223      Use <code>img</code> element with animation GIF instead.</p>      Use <code>img</code> element with animation GIF instead.</p>
# Line 31  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 229  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
229    <d:message xml:lang="en">Void element syntax (<code>/></code>) cannot be    <d:message xml:lang="en">Void element syntax (<code>/></code>) cannot be
230    used for this element.</d:message>    used for this element.</d:message>
231    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
232      <p>The void element syntax <code>/></code> syntax can only be      <p>Void element syntax (<code>/></code>) must not be used
233        for the element.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
234    
235        <p>The void element syntax can only be
236      used for <code>base</code>, <code>link</code>, <code>meta</code>,      used for <code>base</code>, <code>link</code>, <code>meta</code>,
237      <code>hr</code>, <code>br</code>, <code>img</code>,      <code>hr</code>, <code>br</code>, <code>img</code>,
238      <code>embed</code>, <code>param</code>, <code>area</code>,      <code>embed</code>, <code>param</code>, <code>area</code>,
239      <code>col</code>, and <code>input</code> elements.      <code>col</code>, and <code>input</code> elements.</p>
     For any other elements, using that syntax is non-conforming.</p>  
240    
241      <p>Unlike XML, the void element syntax (<code>/></code>) has      <p>Note that, unlike in XML, the void element syntax has
242      no effect in HTML.</p>      no effect in HTML.</p>
243    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
244  </d:item>  </d:item>
245    
246    
247    <d:item name="pio"
248        class="tokenize-error">
249      <d:message xml:lang="en">Processing instruction
250      (<code>&lt;?<var>...</var>?></code>) cannot be used.</d:message>
251      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
252        <p>Processing instructions (<code>&lt;?<var>...</var>?></code>),
253        including XML declaration (<code>&lt;?xml <var>...</var>?></code>)
254        and XML style sheet <abbr title="processing instruction">PI</abbr>
255        (<code>&lt;xml-stylesheet <var>...</var>?></code>), are not allowed
256        in the HTML syntax.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
257    
258        <p>If it is necessary to embed a processing instruction
259        in the HTML document, you must use the XML syntax instead.</p>
260    
261        <p>In the HTML syntax, XML declaration is not necessary.</p>
262    
263        <p>Instead of XML style sheet,
264        <abbr title="processing instruction">PI</abbr>s, you must
265        use the HTML <code>link</code> element whose <code>rel</code>
266        attribute is set to <code>stylesheet</code> (or
267        <code>alternate stylesheet</code> for an aleternate style sheet).</p>
268    
269        <p>Web browsers will parse processing instructions as bogus
270        comments.  Some legacy Web browsers, such as IE:mac and
271        some mobile browsers, will display processing instructions
272        as string.</p>
273      </d:desc>
274    </d:item>
275    
276  </section>  </section>
277    
278  <section id="html5-parse-errors">  <section id="html5-parse-errors">
# Line 53  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 283  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
283    <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code><var>$0</var></code> element cannot be    <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code><var>$0</var></code> element cannot be
284    inserted between <code>head</code> and <code>body</code> elements.</d:message>    inserted between <code>head</code> and <code>body</code> elements.</d:message>
285    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
286      <p>A start tag occurs after the <code>head</code> element is closed      <p>A start tag appears after the <code>head</code> element is closed
287      but before the <code>body</code> element is opened.      but before the <code>body</code> element is opened.
288      The document is non-conforming.</p>      The document is non-conforming.</p>
289    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
290  </d:item>  </d:item>
291    
292    <d:item name="DOCTYPE in the middle"
293        class="parse-error">
294      <d:message xml:lang="en">A <code>DOCTYPE</code> appears after any
295      element or data character has been seen.</d:message>
296      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
297        <p>A <code>DOCTYPE</code> appears after any element or data character
298        has been seen.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
299        
300        <p>The <code>DOCTYPE</code> must be placed before any
301        tag, reference, or data character.  Only white space characters
302        and comments can be inserted before the <code>DOCTYPE</code>.</p>
303      </d:desc>
304    </d:item>
305    
306    <d:item name="in a:a"
307        class="parse-error">
308      <d:message xml:lang="en">Anchor cannot be nested.</d:message>
309      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
310        <p>HTML <code>a</code> elements cannot be nested.
311        The document is non-conforming.</p>
312    
313        <p>In the HTML syntax, a start tag of the <code>a</code>
314        implies the end tag of any opening <code>a</code> element.</p>
315      </d:desc>
316    </d:item>
317    
318    <d:item name="in body"
319        class="parse-error">
320      <d:message xml:lang="en">Tag <code>&lt;<var>$0</var>&gt;</code>
321      is not allowed in a <code>body</code> element.</d:message>
322      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
323        <p>The start or end tag of an element, which
324        cannot be a descendant of <code>body</code> element, appears
325        in the input stream while the <code>body</code> element has been opened.
326        The document is non-conforming.</p>
327      </d:desc>
328    </d:item>
329    
330    <d:item name="in head:head"
331        class="parse-error">
332      <d:message xml:lang="en">Start tag <code>&lt;<var>head</var>&gt;</code>
333      is not allowed in the <code>head</code> element.</d:message>
334      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
335        <p>There is a start tag <code>&lt;head></code> in the
336        <code>&lt;head></code> element.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
337    
338        <p>In an HTML document there must not be more than
339        one <code>head</code> element, therefore no more than one
340        start tag <code>&lt;head></code> can appear in the input stream.</p>
341      </d:desc>
342    </d:item>
343    
344    <d:item name="in table"
345        class="parse-error">
346      <d:message xml:lang="en">Tag <code>&lt;<var>$0</var>&gt;</code>
347      is not allowed in a <code>table</code> element.</d:message>
348      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
349        <p>The start or end tag of an element, which
350        cannot be a child of <code>table</code> element, appears
351        in the input stream while the <code>table</code> element has been opened
352        but no other element has been opened.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
353    
354        <p>In <code>table</code>, only table related elements
355        are allowed; any other element must be contained in
356        <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> element to form
357        a part of the table, or <code>caption</code> element to create
358        a table caption.</p>
359      </d:desc>
360    </d:item>
361    
362    <d:item name="in table:#character"
363        class="parse-error">
364      <d:message xml:lang="en">Data character is not allowed in
365      <code>table</code>.</d:message>
366      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
367        <p>A data character appears in <code>table</code>.  The document
368        is non-conforming.</p>
369    
370        <p>In <code>table</code>, only table related elements
371        are allowed; any other element and data character must be contained in
372        <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> element to form
373        a part of the table, or <code>caption</code> element to create
374        a table caption.</p>
375      </d:desc>
376    </d:item>
377    
378    <d:item name="missing start tag:tr"
379        class="parse-error">
380      <d:message xml:lang="en">Start tag of <code>tr</code>
381      element is missing.</d:message>
382      <d:desc>
383        <p>Start tag of a <code>tr</code> element, which is <em>not</em>
384        optional, is missing.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
385    
386        <p>In a table section, a <code>&lt;tr></code> start tag
387        must occur before any <code>&lt;td></code> or
388        <code>&lt;th></code> start tag.  Though the HTML5 parser
389        implies the <code>&lt;tr></code> start tag before
390        these start tags, it must be explicitly specified.</p>
391      </d:desc>
392    </d:item>
393    
394  <d:item name="no DOCTYPE"  <d:item name="no DOCTYPE"
395      class="parse-error">      class="parse-error">
396    <d:message xml:lang="en">This document does not start with the    <d:message xml:lang="en">This document does not start with a
397    <code>DOCTYPE</code> declaration.</d:message>    <code>DOCTYPE</code>.</d:message>
398      <d:desc>
399        <p>The document does not start with a <code>DOCTYPE</code>.
400        The document is non-conforming.</p>
401    
402        <p>An HTML document must start by a <code>DOCTYPE</code>:
403          <pre class="html example"><code>&lt;!DOCTYPE HTML></code></pre>
404        </p>
405    
406        <p>Only white space characters and comments are allowed
407        before the <code>DOCTYPE</code>.</p>
408      </d:desc>
409  </d:item>  </d:item>
410    
411  <d:item name="not closed"  <d:item name="not closed"
412      class="parse-error">      class="parse-error">
413    <d:message xml:lang="en">Element <code><var>$0</var></code> is not    <d:message xml:lang="en">Element <code><var>$0</var></code> is not
414    closed.</d:message>    closed.</d:message>
415      <d:desc>
416        <p>End tag of an element is not found before, for example,
417        an end tag of another element appears or
418        the end of the document.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
419      </d:desc>
420    </d:item>
421    
422    <d:item name="not first start tag"
423        class="parse-error">
424      <d:message xml:lang="en">This <code>&lt;html></code> tag is not
425      the first start tag.</d:message>
426      <d:desc>
427        <p>There is a start tag of the <code>html</code> element
428        that it not the first start tag in the input stream.
429        The document is non-conforming.</p>
430    
431        <p>In an HTML document, there cannot be more than one
432        <code>html</code> element and therefore there cannot be
433        more than one <code>&lt;html></code> tag.  In addition,
434        nothing can be placed before the <code>&lt;html></code> tag
435        except a <code>DOCTYPE</code>, white space characters,
436        and comments.</p>
437      </d:desc>
438  </d:item>  </d:item>
439    
440  <d:item name="not HTML5"  <d:item name="not HTML5"
441      class="parse-error">      class="parse-error">
442    <d:message xml:lang="en">This document is written in an old version of    <d:message xml:lang="en">This document is written in an old version of
443    HTML.</d:message>    HTML.</d:message>
444      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
445        <p>The document contains a <code>DOCTYPE</code> declaration
446        that is different from HTML5 <code>DOCTYPE</code> (i.e.
447        <code>&lt;!DOCTYPE HTML&gt;</code>).  The document is non-conforming.</p>
448    
449        <p>The document might or might not be conformant to
450        some version of HTML.  However, conformance to any HTML
451        specification other than HTML5 provides for no practical
452        convenience, since Web borwsers will parse any
453        HTML document (roughly) as defined in HTML5.</p>
454      </d:desc>
455  </d:item>  </d:item>
456    
457  <d:item name="unmatched end tag"  <d:item name="unmatched end tag"
458      class="parse-error">      class="parse-error">
459    <d:message xml:lang="en">Element <code><var>$0</var></code> is not    <d:message xml:lang="en">Element <code><var>$0</var></code> is not
460    opened.</d:message>    opened.</d:message>
461      <d:desc>
462        <p>An end tag appears though no element with the same name
463        has been opened.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
464    
465        <p>For any end tag in HTML document, there must be a
466        corresponding start tag.</p>
467      </d:desc>
468  </d:item>  </d:item>
469    
470  </section>  </section>
# Line 93  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 477  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
477    <d:message xml:lang="en">Data character is not allowed in this    <d:message xml:lang="en">Data character is not allowed in this
478    context.</d:message>    context.</d:message>
479    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
480      <p>A data character occurs where it is not allowed in this      <p>A data character appears where it is not allowed in this
481      context.  The document is non-conforming.</p>      context.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
482    
483      <p>Possible causes:      <p>Possible causes:
484        <dl>        <ul>
485        <dt>If the erred element is an inline-level element (such        <li><p>A data character cannot be a child
486        as <code>a</code> or <code>span</code>)</dt>        of certain sectioning elements such as <code>body</code>,
487            <dd><p>A data character cannot be a child        <code>section</code>, and <code>blockquote</code>.</p>
488            of certain sectioning elements such as <code>body</code>,  
489            <code>section</code>, and <code>blockquote</code>.</p>        <p>Any inline-level content must be put
490          in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></li>
491            <p>Any inline-level content must be put        <li><p>Though some elements such as <code>div</code>,
492            in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>        <code>li</code>, and <code>td</code> allow
493        <dt>If the erred element is a block-level element (such as        <em>either one</em> of block-level or inline-level content
494        <code>div</code> or <code>h<var>n</var></code>)</dt>        is allowed.  If there is a block-level content,
495            <dd><p>Though some elements such as <code>div</code>,        any inline-level content must be put
496            <code>li</code>, and <code>td</code> allow        in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></li>
497            <em>either one</em> of block-level or inline-level content        </ul>
           is allowed.  If there is a block-level content,  
           any inline-level content must be put  
           in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>  
       </dl>  
498      </p>      </p>
499    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
500  </d:item>  </d:item>
# Line 126  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 506  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
506    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
507      <p>The content model of the element is so defined that it      <p>The content model of the element is so defined that it
508      must contain a <code><var>$0</var></code> child element.      must contain a <code><var>$0</var></code> child element.
509      Without such an element, the document is non-conforming.</p>      The document is non-conforming.</p>
510    
511      <p>For example:      <p>For example:
512        <ul>        <ul>
# Line 146  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 526  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
526    or <code>th</code> element as a child of this element.</d:message>    or <code>th</code> element as a child of this element.</d:message>
527    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
528      <p>The <code>tr</code> element must contain at least one      <p>The <code>tr</code> element must contain at least one
529      <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> child element.  Without      <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> child element.  The document
530      such an element, the document is non-conforming.</p>      is non-conforming.</p>
531    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
532  </d:item>  </d:item>
533    
# Line 156  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 536  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
536    <d:message xml:lang="en">This element is not allowed in this    <d:message xml:lang="en">This element is not allowed in this
537    context.</d:message>    context.</d:message>
538    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
539      <p>An element occurs where it is not allowed.  The document      <p>An element appears where it is not allowed.  The document
540      is non-conforming.</p>      is non-conforming.</p>
541    
542        <p><strong>Note</strong>: The conformance checker does
543        <em>not</em> support form elements yet.</p>
544    
545      <p>Possible causes:      <p>Possible causes:
546        <dl>        <dl class="switch">
547        <dt>If the erred element is an inline-level element (such        <dt>If the element with the error is an inline-level element,
548        as <code>a</code> or <code>span</code>)</dt>        such as <code>a</code>, <code>progress</code>, or <code>img</code></dt>
549            <dd><p>An inline-level element cannot be a child            <dd><p>An inline-level element cannot be a child
550            of certain sectioning elements such as <code>body</code>,            of certain sectioning elements such as <code>body</code>,
551            <code>section</code>, and <code>blockquote</code>.</p>            <code>section</code>, and <code>blockquote</code>.</p>
552    
553            <p>Any inline-level content must be put            <p>Any inline-level content must be put
554            in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>            in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>
555        <dt>If the erred element is a block-level element (such as        <dt>If the element with the error is a block-level element,
556        <code>div</code> or <code>h<var>n</var></code>)</dt>        such as <code>div</code>, <code>h<var>n</var></code>, or
557          <code>section</code></dt>
558            <dd><p>Though some elements such as <code>div</code>,            <dd><p>Though some elements such as <code>div</code>,
559            <code>li</code>, and <code>td</code> allow            <code>li</code>, and <code>td</code> allow
560            <em>either one</em> of block-level or inline-level content            <em>either one</em> of block-level or inline-level content
561            is allowed.  If there is a block-level content,            is allowed.  If there is a block-level content,
562            any inline-level content must be put            any inline-level content must be put
563            in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>            in e.g. paragraph element such as <code>p</code>.</p></dd>
564        <dt>If the erred element is the root <code>html</code> element</dt>        <dt>If the element with the error is a <code>noscript</code> element</dt>
565              <dd>The <code>noscript</code> element is allowed only in the context
566              where a block-level or inline-level content is expected
567              and in the <code>head</code> element.
568              It cannot be used in e.g. <code>ul</code>, <code>table</code>,
569              or <code>select</code>.</dd>
570          <dt>If the element with the error is the <code>html</code> element
571          that is the root element of an XHTML document</dt>
572            <dd><p>In an XHTML document, the root <code>html</code>            <dd><p>In an XHTML document, the root <code>html</code>
573            element must have an <code>xmlns</code> attribute            element must have an <code>xmlns</code> attribute
574            whose value is set to            whose value is set to
575            <code>http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml</code>.</p></dd>            <code>http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml</code>.</p></dd>
576          <dt>If the element with the error is <code>blink</code>,
577          <code>center</code>, or <code>marquee</code> element</dt>
578              <dd>These elements are not part of the HTML standard.
579              Use CSS for styling control.</dd>
580        </dl>        </dl>
581      </p>      </p>
582    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
583  </d:item>  </d:item>
584    
585    <d:item name="ps element missing"
586        class="content-model-error">
587      <d:message xml:lang="en">There is no <code><var>$0</var></code>
588      element before this element.</d:message>
589      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
590        <p>There must be an element before another element, but there
591        is not.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
592    
593        <p>For example, there must be a <code>dt</code> element
594        before any <code>dd</code> element.</p>
595      </d:desc>
596    </d:item>
597    
598    </section>
599    
600    <section id="attribute-errors">
601    <h2>Attribute Errors</h2>
602    
603    <d:item name="attribute missing"
604        class="attribute-error">
605      <d:message xml:lang="en">Required attribute <code><var>$0</var></code>
606      is not specified.</d:message>
607      <d:desc>
608        <p>A required attribute is not specified.  The document
609        is non-conforming.</p>
610    
611        <p>Some attribute is defined as <i>required</i>.
612        For example, any <code>img</code> element must have
613        <code>alt</code> and <code>src</code> attributes specified.
614        Without required attributes specified, user agents
615        cannot provide the full functionality of the element
616        to the user.</p>
617      </d:desc>
618    </d:item>
619    
620    <d:item name="attribute not allowed" class="attribute-error">
621      <d:message xml:lang="en">Attribute
622      <code><var>{local-name}</var></code> is not allowed for
623      <code><var>{element-local-name}</var></code> element.</d:message>
624      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
625        <p>An attribute is specified where it is not allowed.
626        The document is non-conforming.</p>
627    
628        <dl>
629        <dt>HTML <code>meta</code> element</dt>
630            <dd>For HTML <code>meta</code> element, <em>only one</em> of
631            <code>name</code>, <code>http-equiv</code>, or <code>charset</code>
632            attribute is allowed.</dd>
633        </dl>
634      </d:desc>
635    </d:item>
636    
637    <d:item name="in HTML:xml:lang"
638        class="attribute-error">
639      <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code>xml:lang</code> attribute is not
640      allowed in HTML document.</d:message>
641      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
642        <p>The <code>xml:lang</code> attribute is not allowed in
643        HTML document.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
644    
645        <p>The <code>lang</code> attribute in the <code>null</code>
646        namespace for HTML elements is defined as conforming <em>only</em> for
647        XML document.</p>
648    
649        <p>To specify natural language information in HTML document,
650        use <code>lang</code> attribute instead.</p>
651    
652        <p>XHTML 1.0 Appendix C was encouraged to specify both
653        <code>lang</code> and <code>xml:lang</code> attributes with
654        the same value.  Such a duplication has <em>no effect</em> in practice.
655        Use only one of <code>lang</code> (in HTML) or <code>xml:lang</code> (in
656        XML).</p>
657    
658        <!-- @@ ISSUE: xml:lang in non-HTML element in DOM5 HTML created
659             from an HTML document? -->
660      </d:desc>
661    </d:item>
662    
663    <d:item name="in XML:charset"
664        class="attribute-error">
665      <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code>charset</code> attribute is not
666      allowed in XML document.</d:message>
667      <d:desc>
668        <p>The <code>charset</code> attribute of a
669        <code>meta</code> element is not allowed in XML document.
670        The document is non-conforming.</p>
671    
672        <p>To specify the character encoding used for serialization,
673        if necessary, use XML declaration instead:
674          <pre class="xml example"><code>&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="<var>encoding-name</var>"?></code></pre>
675        </p>
676      </d:desc>
677    </d:item>
678    
679    <d:item name="in XML:lang"
680        class="attribute-error">
681      <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code>lang</code> attribute is not
682      allowed in XML document.</d:message>
683      <d:desc>
684        <p>The HTML <code>lang</code> attribute is not allowed in
685        XML document.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
686    
687        <p>The <code>lang</code> attribute in <code>null</code>
688        namespace for HTML elements is defined as conforming <em>only</em> for
689        HTML document.</p>
690    
691        <p>To specify natural language information in XML document,
692        use <code>xml:lang</code> attribute instead.</p>
693      </d:desc>
694    </d:item>
695    
696    <d:item name="in XML:xmlns"
697        class="attribute-error">
698      <d:message xml:lang="en">The <code>xmlns</code> attribute
699      in the <code>null</code> namespace is not allowed in
700      XHTML document.  The document is non-conforming.</d:message>
701      <d:desc>
702        <p>The <code>xmlns</code> attribute in the <code>null</code>
703        namespace is not allowed in XHTML document.</p>
704    
705        <p>This error should not occur in conformance-checking of
706        static documents.</p>
707      </d:desc>
708    </d:item>
709    
710  </section>  </section>
711    
712  <section id="attribute-value-errors">  <section id="attribute-value-errors">
713  <h2>Attribute Value Errors</h2>  <h2>Attribute Value Errors</h2>
714    
715  <d:item name="enumerated:invalid"  <d:item name="enumerated:invalid"
716      class="attribute-error">      class="attribute-value-error">
717    <d:message xml:lang="en">This attribute only allow a limited set of    <d:message xml:lang="en">This attribute only allow a limited set of
718    values and the specified value is not one of them.</d:message>    values and the specified value <code><var>{@}</var></code> is not one
719      of them.</d:message>
720      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
721        <p>For this attribute only several values are allowed and the
722        value of the attribute is not one of them.  The document
723        is non-conforming.</p>
724    
725        <dl>
726        <dt>HTML <code>meta</code> element, <code>http-equiv</code> attribute</dt>
727            <dd><p>Only <code>Default-Style</code> and <code>Refresh</code>
728            is allowed.</p>
729            <p>Value <code>Content-Type</code> is obsolete; for charset
730            declaration, the <code>charset</code> attribute can be used as:
731            <pre class="html example"><code>&lt;meta charset="<var>charset-name</var>"></code></pre>
732            ... where <var>charset-name</var> is a name of the character encoding
733            of the document, such as <code>utf-8</code>.</p>
734            <p>Values <code>Content-Style-Type</code> and
735            <code>Content-Script-Type</code> are currently not allowed.</p>
736            <p>Value <code>Keywords</code> is not allowed.  Use
737            <code>name</code> attribute instead of <code>http-equiv</code>
738            attribute.</p>
739            <p>Values <code>Expires</code>, <code>Pragma</code>,
740            and <code>Cache-Control</code> are not allowed;
741            use <em>real</em> HTTP header fields for cache control.</p></dd>
742        </dl>
743      </d:desc>
744    </d:item>
745    
746    <d:item name="duplicate ID"
747        class="attribute-value-error">
748      <d:message xml:lang="en">This identifier has already been
749      assigned to another element.</d:message>
750      <!-- @@ <id=a xml:id=a>? -->
751    </d:item>
752    
753    <d:item name="link type:bad context"
754        class="attribute-value-error">
755      <d:message xml:lang="en">The link type <code><var>$0</var></code>
756      cannot be specified for this element.</d:message>
757      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
758        <p>The specified link type cannot be used for the element.
759        The document is non-conforming.</p>
760    
761        <p>Link types are associated with limited set of elements.
762        They cannot be used with other elements.</p>
763    
764        <p>For example, link type <code>bookmark</code>
765        can be used with <code>a</code> or <code>area</code> element,
766        while it cannot be used with <code>link</code> element.</p>
767      </d:desc>
768    </d:item>
769    
770    <d:item name="link type:non-conforming"
771        class="attribute-value-error">
772      <d:message xml:lang="en">The link type <code><var>$0</var></code>
773      is non-conforming.</d:message>
774      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
775        <p>The specified link type is non-conforming, and therefore
776        the document is non-conforming.</p>
777    
778        <dl>
779        <dt>Link type <code>contents</code></dt>
780          <dd>Use link type <code>index</code>.</dd>
781        <dt>Link type <code>copyright</code></dt>
782          <dd>Use link type <code>license</code>.</dd>
783        <dt>Link type <code>home</code></dt>
784          <dd>Use link type <code>index</code>.</dd>
785        <dt>Link type <code>start</code></dt>
786          <dd>Use link type <code>first</code>.</dd>
787        <dt>Link type <code>toc</code></dt>
788          <dd>Use link type <code>index</code>.</dd>
789        </dl>
790      </d:desc>
791    </d:item>
792    
793    <d:item name="reserved browsing context name"
794        class="attribute-value-error">
795      <d:message xml:lang="en">Browsing context name
796      <code><var>{@}</var></code> is reserved.</d:message>
797      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
798        <p>The specified browsing context name is reserved.
799        The document is non-conforming.</p>
800    
801        <p>Names of browsing contexts starting with <code>_</code>
802        (<code>U+005F</code> <code class="charname">LOW LINE</code>)
803        are reserved so that it must not be used.</p>
804    
805        <p>Old version of HTML, non-HTML markup languages, and
806        Web browsers define or implements special reserved
807        browsing context names <code>_blank</code>,
808        <code>_main</code>, and <code>_replace</code>.
809        However, they are <em>not</em> conforming attribute values.</p>
810      </d:desc>
811    </d:item>
812    
813    </section>
814    
815    <section id="attribute-value-warnings">
816    <h2>Attribute Value Warnings</h2>
817    
818    <d:item name="link type:proposed" level="s"
819        class="attribute-value-warning should">
820      <d:message xml:lang="en">Link type <code><var>$0</var></code>
821      is proposed but not accepted yet; it <em>should not</em> be
822      used until it has been accepted.</d:message>
823      <d:desc>
824        <p>The link type is in the <i>proposed</i> status; it
825        <em>should not</em> be used until it has been
826        accepted.</p>
827    
828        <p><strong>Warning</strong>: The data served to the
829        conforming checker might be out of date; it might have already
830        been accepted or rejected, depending on which the document
831        might be conforming or non-conforming.  See WHATWG Wiki
832        for the latest information.</p>
833      </d:desc>
834  </d:item>  </d:item>
835    
836  </section>  </section>
# Line 203  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 838  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
838  <section id="table-model-errors">  <section id="table-model-errors">
839  <h2>Table Model Errors</h2>  <h2>Table Model Errors</h2>
840    
841    <d:item name="table:colspan creates column with no anchored cell"
842        class="table-model-error">
843      <d:message xml:lang="en">This <code>colspan</code> attribute
844      results in creating a table column that does not contain
845      any cell anchored to it.</d:message>
846    </d:item>
847    
848  <d:item name="table:no cell in last row"  <d:item name="table:no cell in last row"
849      class="table-model-error">      class="table-model-error">
850    <d:message xml:lang="en">The table has no cell (<code>td</code> or    <d:message xml:lang="en">The table has no cell (<code>td</code> or
851    <code>th</code>) in the last row.</d:message>    <code>th</code>) in the last row.</d:message>
852  </d:item>  </d:item>
853    
854    <d:item name="table:rowspan extends table"
855        class="table-model-error">
856      <d:message xml:lang="en">This <code>rowspan</code> attribute
857      results in creating a table row that does not contain
858      any cell anchored to it.</d:message>
859      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
860        <p>The <code>rowspan</code> attribute value of the cell
861        is so specified that it extends a table in the row axis.
862        However, the extended row does not contain any cell by itself.
863        The document is non-conforming.</p>
864    
865        <p>For example, the table below is non-conforming:
866          <pre class="html non-conforming example"><code>&lt;table>
867    &lt;tbody>
868    &lt;tr>&lt;td rowspan=2>&lt;/td>&lt;/tr>
869    &lt;/tbody>
870    &lt;/table></code></pre>
871        ... is non-conforming, since the second row contains only
872        a cell that spans the first and the second rows.</p>
873      </d:desc>
874    </d:item>
875    
876  </section>  </section>
877    
878  <section id="imt-warnings">  <section id="imt-warnings">
# Line 216  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 880  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
880    
881  <d:item name="IMT:obsolete subtype"  <d:item name="IMT:obsolete subtype"
882      class="should" level="s">      class="should" level="s">
883    <d:message xml:lang="en">An <em>obsolete</em> subtype is used.</d:message>    <d:message xml:lang="en"><code><var>{@}</var></code>: An <em>obsolete</em>
884      subtype is used.</d:message>
885  </d:item>  </d:item>
886    
887  <d:item name="IMT:private subtype"  <d:item name="IMT:private subtype"
888      class="should" level="s">      class="should" level="s">
889    <d:message xml:lang="en">A private (<code>x-</code> or <code>x.</code>)    <d:message xml:lang="en"><code><var>{@}</var></code>: A private
890    subtype is used.</d:message>    (<code>x-</code> or <code>x.</code>) subtype is used.</d:message>
891  </d:item>  </d:item>
892    
893  <d:item name="IMT:unregistered subtype"  <d:item name="IMT:unregistered subtype"
894      class="should" level="s">      class="should" level="s">
895    <d:message xml:lang="en">The subtype is not registered to IANA.</d:message>    <d:message xml:lang="en"><code><var>{@}</var></code>: The subtype is
896      not registered to IANA.</d:message>
897  <!-- TODO: Unknown message?? -->  <!-- TODO: Unknown message?? -->
898  </d:item>  </d:item>
899    
# Line 238  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 904  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
904    
905  <d:item name="URI::syntax error"  <d:item name="URI::syntax error"
906      class="must" level="m">      class="must" level="m">
907    <d:message xml:lang="en">This string is not an IRI syntactically.</d:message>    <d:message xml:lang="en">The specified value is syntactically not an IRI
908      reference.</d:message>
909      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
910        <p>The specified value does not satisfy the syntactical requirements
911        for IRI references.  The document is non-conforming.</p>
912    
913        <p>Possible causes:
914          <ul>
915          <li>The string might contain one or more white space characters.
916          Especially, the <code> </code> (<code>U+0020</code>
917          <code class="charname">SPACE</code>) character cannot be
918          used in IRI references.</li>
919          </ul>
920        </p>
921      </d:desc>
922  </d:item>  </d:item>
923    
924  </section>  </section>
925    
926  <section id="uri-errors">  <section id="uri-warnings">
927  <h2>URI (or IRI) Errors</h2>  <h2>URI (or IRI) Warnings</h2>
928    
929    <d:item name="URI::dot-segment"
930        class="should" level="s">
931      <d:message xml:lang="en">Dot-segment (<code>.</code> or
932      <code>..</code>) should not occur in an absolute reference.</d:message>
933      <d:desc>
934        <p>Dot-segment (<code>.</code> or <code>..</code>) should
935        not occur in an absolute reference.</p>
936    
937        <p>In relative references, dot-segments are used to represent
938        the current (<code>.</code>) or the parent (<code>..</code>)
939        hierarchy of the path.  Though they are also allowed
940        in absolute references, it should be resolved to the
941        canonical form before it has been published.</p>
942      </d:desc>
943    </d:item>
944    
945  <d:item name="URI::empty path"  <d:item name="URI::empty path"
946      class="should" level="s">      class="should" level="s">
# Line 252  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 948  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
948    <code>/</code>.</d:message>    <code>/</code>.</d:message>
949  </d:item>  </d:item>
950    
951    <d:item name="URI::lowercase hexadecimal digit"
952        class="should" level="s">
953      <d:message xml:lang="en">Hexadecimal digit in percent-encoding
954      should be in lowercase.</d:message>
955      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
956        <p>The hexadecimal digit in percent-encoding string in the IRI
957        is in lowercase.  Though the IRI <em>is</em> conforming,
958        it should be in uppercase.</p>
959      </d:desc>
960    </d:item>
961    
962    <d:item name="URI::percent-encoded unreserved"
963        class="should" level="s">
964      <d:message xml:lang="en">An unreserved character is
965      percent-encoded.</d:message>
966      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
967        <p>An unreserved character is percent-encoded in the IRI.
968        Though it <em>is</em> conforming, it should be in the
969        decoded (or bare) form.</p>
970      </d:desc>
971    </d:item>
972    
973    <d:item name="URI::uppercase scheme name"
974        class="should" level="s">
975      <d:message xml:lang="en">URI scheme name is in uppercase.</d:message>
976      <d:desc xml:lang="en">
977        <p>The scheme part of the IRI is written in uppercase letter.</p>
978    
979        <p>Uppercase scheme names are not required to be processed
980        correctly.</p>
981    <!-- @@
982     RFC 3986 3.1.
983     > Although schemes are case-
984       insensitive, the canonical form is lowercase and documents that
985       specify schemes must do so with lowercase letters.
986    
987     > An implementation ... should only produce lowercase scheme names for
988       consistency.
989    -->
990      </d:desc>
991    </d:item>
992    
993  </section>  </section>
994    
995  <section id="unsupported-messages">  <section id="unsupported-messages">
# Line 279  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 1017  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
1017    
1018  <d:item name="link type"  <d:item name="link type"
1019      class="unsupported" level="unsupported">      class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
1020    <d:message xml:lang="en">The link type <code>$0</code> is not standardized    <d:message xml:lang="en">The link type <code><var>$0</var></code> is not
1021    or registered at the time of the release of the conformance checker;    standardized or registered at the time of the release of the conformance
1022    <em>it is non-conforming unless it has now been registered</em>.</d:message>    checker; <em>it is non-conforming unless it has now been
1023      registered</em>.</d:message>
1024    <d:desc xml:lang="en">    <d:desc xml:lang="en">
1025      <p>The <code>rel</code> attribute is defined as a list of link types.      <p>The <code>rel</code> attribute is defined as a list of link types.
1026      Some common link types are defined in the HTML5 specification.      Some common link types are defined in the HTML5 specification.
# Line 293  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)< Line 1032  Web Document Conformance Checker (BETA)<
1032      The link type might have been added to the registry since then.      The link type might have been added to the registry since then.
1033      In such case it might be conforming.  Otherwise, the      In such case it might be conforming.  Otherwise, the
1034      document is non-conforming.</p>      document is non-conforming.</p>
1035    
1036        <dl>
1037        <dt>Link types <code>shortcut icon</code></dt>
1038            <dd>Link type <code>shortcut</code> is not registered.
1039            Use only <code>icon</code> for linking to so-called favicon.</dd>
1040        </dl>
1041    </d:desc>    </d:desc>
1042  </d:item>  </d:item>
1043    
1044    <d:item name="event handler"
1045        class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
1046      <d:message xml:lang="en">Conformance checking for event handler attribute
1047      is not supported; <em>it might or might not be conforming.</em></d:message>
1048    </d:item>
1049    
1050    <d:item name="language tag"
1051        class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
1052      <d:message xml:lang="en">Conformance checking for language tag
1053      is not supported; <em>it might or might not be conforming.</em></d:message>
1054    </d:item>
1055    
1056    <d:item name="media query"
1057        class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
1058      <d:message xml:lang="en">Conformance checking for media query
1059      is not supported; <em>it might or might not be conforming.</em></d:message>
1060    </d:item>
1061    
1062    <d:item name="script"
1063        class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
1064      <d:message xml:lang="en">Conformance checking for script
1065      language <code><var>$0</var></code> is not supported;
1066      <em>it might or might not be conforming.</em></d:message>
1067    </d:item>
1068    
1069    <d:item name="style"
1070        class="unsupported" level="unsupported">
1071      <d:message xml:lang="en">Conformance checking for style
1072      language <code><var>$0</var></code> is not supported;
1073      <em>it might or might not be conforming.</em></d:message>
1074    </d:item>
1075    
1076  </section>  </section>
1077    
1078  <d:catalog>  <d:catalog>
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